The data presented in the Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean have been calculated using international methodologies and standards, to ensure comparability among countries. For this reason, these values do not necessarily coincide with national figures.

This edition includes information available up to mid-December 2022.

The totals given in the tables and graphics correspond to the sum or to the average of the individual values shown in each table, unless otherwise stated.

The figures given for different groups of countries correspond to the set of reporting countries for that period or year, unless otherwise stated. For this reason, the years or periods in a series may not be strictly comparable.

Individual figures and percentages in tables may not add up to the corresponding total, because of rounding.

In this publication, the term “country” is used to refer to territorial entities, whether these are States as understood by international law and practice or simply territories for which statistical data are maintained on a separate and independent basis. The denomination “Caribbean Netherlands” refers to Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius. The denomination “Guadeloupe” includes Saint Barthélemy and Saint Martin (French part).

Unless otherwise indicated, the geographical coverage of the Yearbook includes the following countries, provided that information presented for the table or graphic in question is available:

Latin America: Argentina, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of).

The Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Caribbean Netherlands, Curaçao, Dominica, French Guiana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Maarten (Netherlands part), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands and United States Virgin Islands.

The following symbols and abbreviations have been used in the tables and graphs in the Yearbook:

1. Three dots (...) indicate that data are not available or cannot be disaggregated.
2. A dash (—) indicates that the amount is zero or negligible.
3. A point (.) is used to indicate decimals.
4. Use of an en dash (–) between years, e.g. 2010–2015, indicates reference to the complete number of calendar years involved, including the beginning and end years.
5. The abbreviation n.e.s. indicates that the item in question is not elsewhere specified (or not included).
6. Reference to “tons” means metric tons, and to “dollars” means United States dollars, unless otherwise stated.
7. Callouts in capital letters between square brackets ([A]) refer to data sources.
8. Callouts in small letters (a) refer to technical notes.
9. CACM, Central American Common Market.
10. CELADE, Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre-Population Division of ECLAC.
11. ECLAC, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean.
12. FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
13. IUCN/UNEP-WCMC, International Union for Conservation of Nature and United Nations Environment Programme-World Conservation Monitoring Centre.
14. MERCOSUR, Southern Common Market.
15. OLADE, Latin America Energy Organization.
16. UNEP, United Nations Environment Programme.
17. UNESCO, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
18. UNPD, United Nations Population Division.
19. UNSD, United Nations Statistics Division.
20. WHO, World Health Organization.

All the statistical data included in this Yearbook and other statistical information on these topics can be accessed through the ECLAC databases and statistical publications portal, CEPALSTAT, [online] https://statistics.cepal.org.

This document should be cited as: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean, 2022 (LC/PUB.2022/21-P), Santiago, 2023.